Beneath The Shine

Illicit Gold And Financial Crime

The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) is the global authority on anti-money laundering and counter-terrorist financing (AML/CFT). It sets international standards through its 40 Recommendations, which guide countries in building effective legal, regulatory, and operational frameworks to combat financial crime. As Bahrain prepares for its 2026 FATF Mutual Evaluation, financial institutions, DNFBPs, fintechs, and corporates must align with the Financial Action Task Force (FATF)'s enhanced evaluation methodology. This briefing note unpacks what evaluators will look for in 2026, key findings from Bahrain’s last assessment, and how institutions can build effective AML/CFT systems that withstand regulatory scrutiny.

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The illicit gold trade encompasses a wide spectrum of illegal and often times harmful practices that occur across the gold supply chain – from the point of extraction to the integration of gold into global markets.These practices often occur alongside financial, transnational, and environmental crimes. The illicit gold trade largely exists on a continuum, where legal, informal, and illegal flows are often interwoven. This blurred line complicates due diligence efforts and presents serious challenges for policymakers, financial institutions, and industry actors working to establish responsible sourcing and transparent supply chains and keep financial crime out of the gold industry.

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